2 Kings 15:20

Authorized King James Version

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And Menahem exacted the money of Israel, even of all the mighty men of wealth, of each man fifty shekels of silver, to give to the king of Assyria. So the king of Assyria turned back, and stayed not there in the land.

Original Language Analysis

וַיֹּצֵא֩ exacted H3318
וַיֹּצֵא֩ exacted
Strong's: H3318
Word #: 1 of 25
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
מְנַחֵ֨ם And Menahem H4505
מְנַחֵ֨ם And Menahem
Strong's: H4505
Word #: 2 of 25
menachem, an israelite
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 3 of 25
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
כֶּ֖סֶף of silver H3701
כֶּ֖סֶף of silver
Strong's: H3701
Word #: 4 of 25
silver (from its pale color); by implication, money
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 5 of 25
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל of Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל of Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 6 of 25
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
עַ֚ל H5921
עַ֚ל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 7 of 25
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 8 of 25
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
גִּבּוֹרֵ֣י even of all the mighty men H1368
גִּבּוֹרֵ֣י even of all the mighty men
Strong's: H1368
Word #: 9 of 25
powerful; by implication, warrior, tyrant
הַחַ֔יִל of wealth H2428
הַחַ֔יִל of wealth
Strong's: H2428
Word #: 10 of 25
probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength
לָתֵת֙ to give H5414
לָתֵת֙ to give
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 11 of 25
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
מֶ֣לֶךְ So the king H4428
מֶ֣לֶךְ So the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 12 of 25
a king
אַשּׁ֔וּר of Assyria H804
אַשּׁ֔וּר of Assyria
Strong's: H804
Word #: 13 of 25
ashshur, the second son of shem; also his descendants and the country occupied by them (i.e., assyria), its region and its empire
חֲמִשִּׁ֧ים fifty H2572
חֲמִשִּׁ֧ים fifty
Strong's: H2572
Word #: 14 of 25
fifty
שְׁקָלִ֛ים shekels H8255
שְׁקָלִ֛ים shekels
Strong's: H8255
Word #: 15 of 25
probably a weight; used as a commercial standard
כֶּ֖סֶף of silver H3701
כֶּ֖סֶף of silver
Strong's: H3701
Word #: 16 of 25
silver (from its pale color); by implication, money
לְאִ֣ישׁ man H376
לְאִ֣ישׁ man
Strong's: H376
Word #: 17 of 25
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
אֶחָ֑ד of each H259
אֶחָ֑ד of each
Strong's: H259
Word #: 18 of 25
properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first
וַיָּ֙שָׁב֙ turned back H7725
וַיָּ֙שָׁב֙ turned back
Strong's: H7725
Word #: 19 of 25
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
מֶ֣לֶךְ So the king H4428
מֶ֣לֶךְ So the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 20 of 25
a king
אַשּׁ֔וּר of Assyria H804
אַשּׁ֔וּר of Assyria
Strong's: H804
Word #: 21 of 25
ashshur, the second son of shem; also his descendants and the country occupied by them (i.e., assyria), its region and its empire
וְלֹא H3808
וְלֹא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 22 of 25
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
עָ֥מַד and stayed H5975
עָ֥מַד and stayed
Strong's: H5975
Word #: 23 of 25
to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)
שָׁ֖ם H8033
שָׁ֖ם
Strong's: H8033
Word #: 24 of 25
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
בָּאָֽרֶץ׃ not there in the land H776
בָּאָֽרֶץ׃ not there in the land
Strong's: H776
Word #: 25 of 25
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

Analysis & Commentary

And Menahem exacted the money of Israel, even of all the mighty men of wealth, of each man fifty shekels of silver, to give to the king of Assyria. So the king of Assyria turned back, and stayed not there in the land.

This verse contributes to the overall theme of chapter 15: Political chaos reveals spiritual bankruptcy. The reference to kingship reminds readers that all human authority is subordinate to God's ultimate kingship. This passage occurs during the decline toward Israel's exile, demonstrating how persistent covenant unfaithfulness leads to national disaster.

The narrative demonstrates God's justice in judging covenant unfaithfulness while maintaining His ultimate purposes for redemption.

Historical Context

Historical Setting: 2 Kings 15 takes place during the declining years of the northern kingdom, 8th century BCE, culminating in exile in 722 BCE. The chapter's theme (Rapid Succession and Instability) reflects the historical reality of progressive political instability and external threats, particularly from Aram (Syria) and later Assyria. Archaeological evidence from this period includes royal inscriptions, administrative documents, and material culture that corroborate the biblical account while providing additional context for understanding the political and social dynamics at work.

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